I think what comes to yoga this kind of images have been quite common within Kashmir Shaivism.
There is also one old book by PETER H. LINDSAY called “Human Information Processing”
where there are many of these and also other kind of visual illusions (pictures by Escher, Penrose etc.). It has been originally published in the hippie times so probably that is the reason it has so psychedelic approach to perception, thinking, memory and so on.
This is one type of picture what is used in Indian TRATAKA practice.